Viral bronchiolitis (plural: bronchiolitides) refers to a bronchiolitis secondary to a viral infection. Pathology. Viral bronchiolitis is due to viral infection of airways which results in inflammation and peribronchial edema. This can then result in occlusion of the small airways leading to hyperinflation and subsegmental atelectasis. Viral bronchiolitis is a common clinical syndrome affecting infants and young children. Concern about its associated morbidity and cost has led to a large body of research that has been summarised in systematic reviews and integrated into clinical practice guidelines in several countries. Viral bronchiolitis is the most common cause of admission to hospital for infants in high-income countries. Respiratory syncytial virus accounts for 60-80% of bronchiolitis presentations. Bronchiolitis is diagnosed clinically without the need for viral testing. Management recommendations, based predominantly on high-quality evidence, advise clinicians to support hydration and oxygenation only. Viral bronchiolitis is a common clinical syndrome affecting infants and young children. Concern about its associated morbidity and cost has led to a large body of research that has been summarised in systematic reviews and integrated into clinical practice guidelines in several countries. Many cases of viral bronchiolitis are mild and clear up without treatment. For more severe cases in infants, hospitalization may be necessary. A hospital can provide oxygen and intravenous fluid 1. O documento apresenta um protocolo colaborativo sobre bronquiolite viral aguda desenvolvido para o Sistema Único de Saúde de Belo Horizonte. 2. O protocolo fornece recomendações sobre diagnóstico, medidas de suporte, e intervenções não recomendadas de rotina para o tratamento da bronquiolite viral aguda. 3. O documento também descreve atividades essenciais como reconhecer a Objective: The aim of this review was to address advances in management and treatment of acute viral

bronchiolitis in infants. Sources: A systematic review search was made including all articles published in English between 2010 and 2017, and available in the electronic databases PubMed and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and specialized register of the Acute Terminology. According to some authors, there is some overlap with the term small airways disease 5.. Pathology. Bronchiolitis is often defined as inflammation primarily occurring in airways smaller <2 mm 6.. It can carry variable clinical, functional and morphological expressions. Electronic cigarette exposure disrupts airway epithelial barrier function and exacerbates viral infection, American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology, 325, 5, (L580-L593 A Bronquiolite Viral Aguda (BVA) se configura como uma infecção respiratória viral comum e frequentemente grave na infância, afetando principalmente lactentes menores de 2 anos de idade.